麻醉品与阿片类药物：阿片类药物是麻醉品吗？

麻醉品与阿片类药物问题是一个常见的问题。阿片类药物是麻醉品吗？答案取决于谁在使用术语“麻醉”和“阿片类药物”。

Where the term is used and what is meant by the term also has to do with whether narcotics and opioids are the same things. Here’s a straightforward look at the rather confusing use of these two drug-related terms.

Opioids vs. Narcotics, Technically Speaking

阿片类药物过去称为麻醉品。通过扩展，“麻醉”一词专门提及阿片类药物。即使在今天，阿片类药物也被归类为麻醉品。

In official circles, such as the professional medical community, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), National Institute of Health, and more, the issue of narcotics vs opioids is actually a non-issue.

“Narcotics” technically refers to

• 鸦片
• 鸦片衍生的药物
• 部分或完全合成阿片类药物

Part of the reason that there is no official difference between these two terms is that “narcotics” traditionally referred exclusively to opioids for the阿片类药物对大脑和身体的影响。本质上，麻醉品（阿片类药物）是

• Decrease pain
• 缓慢的呼吸
• 减轻焦虑
• Lower aggression
• Increase calm, sedation
• 引起嗜睡
• Create a sense of apathy
• Interrupt one’s ability to concentrate
• 导致便秘
• 诱发恶心和呕吐
• 承受着成瘾和过量的高风险

麻醉品（Opioids）合法可作为处方使用阿片类止痛药(Vicodin, codeine, and more) as well as illegally (such as heroin).

Similar terms for the drugs that cause the above effects are

• 毒品
• 阿片类药物
• 镇痛药
• 止痛药
• Drugs for pain

麻醉品与阿片类药物，非正式地说

Opioids were traditionally classified as narcotics, and they still are narcotics. However, the term “narcotic” has become much like “Kleenex” or “Band-Aid.” When many people need a tissue, they ask for a Kleenex regardless of the brand sitting on the table. And when you get a cut, do you ask for a bandage or a Band-Aid? There’s a high likelihood that you ask for a Band-Aid. These are brand names that have become common words for all related products.

“Narcotic” is a term for a specific type of drugs (opioids) that has become common vernacular when discussing all drugs, especially of the illicit variety (阿片类药物和阿片类药物的类型）。

• “ NARC”是执行毒品法的警察或其他代理商；“ NARC”是麻醉品代理人的缩写，这里的麻醉品是指所有药物，而不仅仅是阿片类药物
• Narcotics Anonymous is a support group for anyone struggling with drug addiction—all drugs, not just opiates

尽管从技术上讲是不正确的，但“麻醉品”已经与所有非法药物有关，但实际上，这意味着法律和非法鸦片。因此，在专业医疗社区中，“阿片类药物”一词已取代使用“麻醉品”一词来指代止痛药。

阿片类药物和麻醉品是同一件事吗？从技术上讲，它们是。但是，单词的使用存在分离。当您听到阿片类药物和麻醉品的使用时，请知道它们可能是同一件事，或者可能会更广泛地使用麻醉品。了解麻醉品与阿片类药物的不同含义将有助于您了解所听到的内容。

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